My hand is swollen: what should I do?

Swelling is fluid collecting in the tissues. It may follow a knock, fall, cut, insect bite, repetitive gripping, or a reaction to heat. Swelling with joint pain and stiffness can occur when inflammation affects several finger joints, as in Rheumatoid Arthritis. After a fall onto the hand or wrist, swelling and difficulty using the hand can accompany a Distal Radius Fracture. A warm, rapidly reddening hand, especially around a wound, may signal infection and should not be watched at home.

Remove rings, bracelets, and tight clothing before swelling increases. Rest the hand from lifting and repetitive tasks, and keep it raised above heart level when sitting. Use a wrapped cold pack for short periods, allowing the skin to return to normal between applications; do not place ice directly on skin. Keep any wound clean and covered. Avoid forceful massage or heat while the cause is unclear. Compare both hands and note whether movement, grip, skin colour, or sensation changes.

Seek urgent care for a deformed hand or wrist, severe pain after an injury, blue or unusually pale fingers, new numbness, inability to move the fingers, or swelling that is rapidly worsening. Get prompt medical advice for fever, pus, spreading redness, or a red streak. Arrange an examination if swelling persists, returns repeatedly, affects both hands, or interferes with daily activities.

Ask what findings suggest an injury, joint inflammation, infection, or another cause; whether an examination or imaging is needed; how much movement is appropriate; and which pain medicines are suitable for your health history.