What should you know about melasma in women?

Melasma involves increased pigment activity in the skin. It commonly forms symmetrically on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip, or jawline, although distribution varies. Pregnancy, hormonal contraception, or other hormonal shifts may coincide with its onset or recurrence, but melasma can also occur without a clear trigger. The patches are generally flat and not contagious. A clinician checks the appearance and history because other causes of dark patches can look similar.

Use broad-spectrum sun protection, shade, and protective clothing, and reapply as directed when outdoors. Choose gentle, fragrance-free cleansing and moisturising; picking, scrubbing, and frequent irritation can make pigment more noticeable. Discuss pregnancy, breastfeeding, contraception, and medicines before using prescription products. A dermatologist may combine topical care with a supervised skin brightening treatment, chemical peel, microneedling, or laser toning according to skin sensitivity and pigment depth.

Arrange an assessment when patches are new, spreading, one-sided, raised, scaly, painful, bleeding, or unlike your usual pigmentation. Seek advice before starting a procedure if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, planning pregnancy, or prone to dark marks after inflammation. A changing pattern may need a different diagnosis or a modified treatment plan.

Ask what supports a melasma diagnosis, whether hormones or medicines may be contributing, and which products are suitable for your current stage of life. Ask how long to try a routine, how to recognise irritation, and what maintenance plan can reduce recurrence.