What should you know about melasma hypopigmentation?

Melasma is usually associated with darker pigmentation, while hypopigmentation describes skin that has lost some colour. Lighter areas can follow irritation, eczema, a superficial fungal infection, or another pigment condition, so the appearance alone cannot identify the cause.

Notice whether the patch is smooth or scaly, sharply outlined or gradual, and whether it itches. A clinician may inspect the skin under magnification or use a light examination to distinguish reduced pigment from surface scale. Scratching, inflammation, and sun exposure can make the contrast more noticeable.

White patches on skin can have several explanations. Related information on [Atopic Dermatitis](/conditions/atopic-dermatitis/) and [Tinea Versicolor](/conditions/tinea-versicolor/) may help you compare common patterns, but a diagnosis depends on examination.

Use broad-spectrum sun protection and cover the area when practical, because tanning around a pale patch can increase contrast. Keep products gentle and avoid bleaching creams, vigorous scrubbing, and unplanned steroid use. Photograph the area in similar lighting so you can track spread or colour change.

Treatment depends on the cause. A dermatologist may discuss topical calcineurin inhibitors or, for selected pigment disorders, [Excimer Laser Therapy](/treatments/laser-and-energy/excimer-laser-therapy/). [Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-calcineurin-inhibitors/) are prescription medicines and need individualized guidance.

Arrange an appointment if the patch is spreading, repeatedly returning, scaly, itchy, painful, or associated with hair colour change. Seek prompt assessment for a rapidly changing area, bleeding, ulceration, or a new patch involving the eyes or mouth. These features do not establish a serious diagnosis, but they should not be ignored.

Ask whether the colour change is true hypopigmentation or surface scale, whether any medicine or inflammation could have triggered it, and which products should be stopped. You can also ask how long to monitor before considering treatment and how to protect surrounding skin from tanning.