MCL ligament sprain explained

The MCL helps resist forces that push the knee inward. A sprain can affect a small portion of its fibres or disrupt more of the ligament, and the amount of pain does not always show the full extent. Inner-knee pain, tenderness, bruising and difficulty changing direction are common features. A clinician tests stability carefully and considers the mechanism of injury, walking ability and any signs of a meniscus, bone or other ligament problem.

Protect the knee from pivoting and contact until it has been examined. Use the support, walking aid or activity limits recommended for your injury. [Physiotherapy](/treatments/physiotherapy-and-rehabilitation/physiotherapy/) can progress bending, straightening, muscle control and balance without rushing the ligament. Some people may be offered [Kinesiology Taping](/treatments/physiotherapy-and-rehabilitation/kinesiology-taping/) as an adjunct for comfort or movement awareness. A [Splinting](/treatments/trauma-and-fracture-care/splinting/) plan may be used when protection is needed.

Book a clinical review after a twisting or impact injury that causes inner-knee pain, swelling or a giving-way sensation. Seek urgent care if the knee looks displaced, you cannot bear weight, the foot becomes numb or cold, or pain and swelling escalate quickly.

Ask how much of the MCL is involved, whether the joint is stable, whether a brace or splint is needed, and which exercises are allowed. Ask what functional milestones should come before driving, work duties or sport.