What is malaria?

An infected female Anopheles mosquito can pass malaria parasites to a person while biting. The parasites travel to the liver and then infect red blood cells. Illness may begin with fever, chills, sweating, headache, tiredness or muscle aches, although symptoms can vary and may not appear immediately after travel. Malaria does not spread through ordinary casual contact, sharing food or being near someone who is ill. A travel history matters even if you feel well now.

If you have travelled to a malaria-risk area and develop fever or flu-like symptoms, arrange urgent medical assessment and mention the countries visited and travel dates. A blood test can help detect parasites, and treatment depends on the parasite type, illness severity and travel history. Do not self-treat with leftover medicine. For future travel, ask about malaria prophylaxis and use mosquito protection such as long clothing, screened rooms and repellent.

Seek emergency care for confusion, fainting, trouble breathing, seizures, severe weakness, repeated vomiting or inability to drink. Fever after travel to a malaria-risk region needs same-day medical advice, even when chills are absent or the temperature has settled. Children, pregnant people and anyone with reduced immunity should seek advice promptly because illness can worsen quickly.

Ask which test is needed, whether testing should be repeated if the first result is negative, and which treatment is appropriate for your travel history. Discuss how to prevent mosquito bites and whether a travel health consultation is useful before a future trip.