What should you know about malaria transmission?

The parasite develops through stages in the mosquito and in the person's body. Risk depends on exposure to infected mosquitoes, the destination and local transmission conditions. Malaria is not generally spread through casual contact, coughing or sharing food.

Fever, chills and muscle aches can be signs of malaria after travel, although several other infections can cause the same symptoms. A person with these symptoms needs assessment rather than guessing the cause.

Before travel, arrange advice about malaria prophylaxis and the destination-specific risk. During travel, use repellent as directed, wear clothing that covers skin and sleep behind a suitable net or in screened accommodation when advised.

If fever develops during travel or after returning, tell a clinician about every relevant destination and the timing. Testing and early treatment can reduce the chance of serious illness.

Get urgent care for fever with confusion, fainting, seizure, breathing problems, severe weakness or repeated vomiting. Do not wait for symptoms to become severe if malaria exposure is possible.

Ask how transmission occurs at your destination, which bite precautions fit your trip and whether you need prophylaxis. If you develop symptoms, ask whether a blood test should be repeated after an initial negative result.