What should you know about major symptoms of cholera?

Cholera causes the intestine to release large amounts of water and salts. Diarrhoea may be very watery and frequent, and vomiting can add to fluid loss. Dehydration may show as a dry mouth, intense thirst, dizziness, little urine, sunken eyes, a fast heartbeat, unusual sleepiness, or confusion. Symptoms can become severe without adequate replacement of fluids and salts.

Start oral rehydration solution if the person is awake and able to swallow, giving frequent small sips and continuing after each loose stool. Do not rely on plain water alone when fluid loss is heavy. Keep the person near a toilet, wash hands carefully, and arrange urgent medical assessment. A clinician may provide IV fluid therapy when oral replacement is not enough or swallowing is unsafe.

Treat suspected cholera as urgent, especially with repeated watery diarrhoea, persistent vomiting, fainting, confusion, very little urine, or inability to drink. Emergency help is needed for severe weakness, reduced alertness, cold or clammy skin, or collapse. Do not wait for diarrhoea to stop before seeking treatment.

Ask whether the symptoms require testing, which rehydration plan to follow, and whether IV fluids are needed. Ask how to protect household members and when normal food and activities can resume.