What Is Lichen Planus?

On the skin, lichen planus may appear as itchy, flat-topped bumps with a purple or reddish-brown tone, often on the wrists, ankles, or lower back. Fine white lines can cross their surface. In the mouth, it may cause a net-like white pattern, redness, or sores. Nail changes can include ridges, thinning, or splitting, while scalp involvement may cause sensitive areas or hair loss. One person may have only one affected site, so the pattern varies.

A clinician usually combines the appearance, symptom history, and examination of affected areas. A skin or mouth biopsy may be suggested when the pattern is unusual or needs confirmation. Care aims to calm inflammation and reduce itching or soreness. Options can include topical corticosteroids for selected areas or oral corticosteroid treatment when inflammation is extensive or severe. Gentle skin care, fragrance-free products, and avoiding scratching can reduce irritation. Treatment choice depends on the body site and your health.

Arrange an assessment for a persistent itchy rash, unexplained mouth sores, new nail changes, or a scalp patch with hair loss. Seek prompt care for a mouth area that repeatedly bleeds, becomes firm, or does not heal. Urgent help is appropriate for facial swelling, trouble breathing, severe eye pain, or difficulty swallowing. A clinician can also review medicines and products that may be contributing to a new eruption.

Which body sites should be examined? Is a biopsy needed? What can reduce itching or mouth soreness? How long should I use a topical medicine? Could any current medicine or dental product be aggravating the symptoms?