Is latent TB contagious?

Latent infection means TB germs are present but not multiplying in a way that causes active illness. A person with latent TB does not pass the infection through coughing, breathing, speaking or sharing a room. This differs from active pulmonary TB, where germs can be released into the air. A positive TB test does not by itself show whether infection is latent or active, so a clinician may ask about symptoms, examine you and arrange further assessment. The distinction matters for your own care and for protecting close contacts.

Arrange a medical review and explain whether you have had close contact with TB, previous treatment or conditions that weaken immunity. Follow any instructions about screening and attend recommended examinations. If latent infection is confirmed, preventive antibiotic treatment may be offered to reduce the chance of active disease. Take it as prescribed and report side effects. If active TB is suspected, follow the clinical team’s advice about reducing close indoor contact and testing household members until the assessment is complete.

Seek prompt medical review if you develop a persistent cough, fever, night sweats, chest pain, unexplained weight loss or worsening fatigue. Seek urgent help for severe breathing difficulty, coughing blood, confusion or fainting. These symptoms do not establish TB on their own, but they may indicate active infection or another serious problem. Contact your clinician quickly if you are pregnant or have a condition or medicine that suppresses your immune system.

Ask whether your result indicates latent infection or whether active TB still needs to be excluded. Ask which examination or imaging is planned, whether preventive treatment is suitable, what side effects to watch for, and whether anyone in your household should be screened. Ask when you can return to normal activities if active TB is being investigated.