Lactose intolerance and enzyme deficiency

Lactase sits on the surface of cells lining the small intestine. Its job is to split lactose into sugars the body can absorb. Activity may naturally decline over time, or it may fall after an illness or injury affecting the intestinal lining. When lactose reaches the colon undigested, bacteria ferment it and create gas; extra water in the bowel can contribute to loose stools. Symptoms depend on the remaining enzyme activity, the portion eaten and the wider meal.

Keep a simple diary of dairy portions and symptoms, then discuss a measured reduction with a healthcare professional. Lactose-free dairy, smaller servings and spreading intake through the day may help. Do not remove all dairy without planning alternatives for calcium and vitamin D. Nutrition Counselling can help if your diet is becoming restrictive. Food Intolerance Testing may be discussed when symptoms are mixed or the diagnosis is uncertain.

Arrange medical review if symptoms occur without lactose, continue during avoidance, or include weight loss, blood in stool, persistent vomiting or severe Abdominal Pain. Fever and chills are not expected from low lactase activity alone. Prompt assessment is appropriate when those symptoms occur with diarrhoea or marked weakness.

Ask whether a temporary intestinal problem could be reducing lactase, whether Lactose Intolerance fits your pattern, and how to reintroduce foods without losing important nutrients. Ask which testing is useful before making long-term restrictions.