Knock-Kneed People: When It Matters

Knock knees, medically called genu valgum, describe the knees sitting closer together than the ankles when standing. Some people have this shape without pain or loss of function. Others notice kneecap discomfort, tiring during walking, awkward running mechanics, or strain elsewhere in the leg.

Age and pattern matter. A child’s legs can change as they grow, while a new or worsening pattern in an adult may follow injury, joint change, or altered muscle control. An examination compares both sides and looks at the hip, knee, ankle, and foot rather than judging the knees in isolation.

Stay active within comfortable limits and increase demanding exercise gradually. If symptoms appear, reduce the activity that provokes them and choose a gentler option temporarily. A physiotherapist may prescribe hip, thigh, calf, and balance exercises when movement control is part of the problem.

Children with concerns about walking, running, falls, or fatigue can be assessed through [Paediatric Physiotherapy](/treatments/physiotherapy-and-rehabilitation/paediatric-physiotherapy/). Avoid trying to force the knees into a different position with tight straps or unprescribed braces. A fixed alignment causing significant symptoms may lead to a discussion about [Osteotomy](/treatments/reconstructive-orthopedic-surgery/osteotomy/).

Arrange a medical review for ongoing pain, swelling, limping, repeated giving way, reduced walking distance, or a clear difference between the legs. Get urgent help after an injury if there is severe pain, rapid swelling, visible deformity, inability to bear weight, numbness, or fever with a hot joint.

Ask whether the alignment is within an expected range for the person’s age, whether it is flexible, and whether symptoms come from the knee or another part of the leg. Ask which exercises or activities are appropriate, whether imaging is needed, and what change would justify referral to an orthopaedic surgeon.