Is my wrist broken or sprained?

A sprain stretches or tears one or more wrist ligaments. A fracture is a break in a bone, commonly near the end of the forearm. Pain, swelling, bruising, tenderness and difficulty moving the hand may occur with either injury. A wrist that looks crooked, feels unstable, or is very tender over one spot needs prompt assessment. Numbness, unusual coldness or colour change in the fingers can signal pressure on nerves or blood vessels. Read about [Wrist Pain](/symptoms/wrist-pain/) and [Hand Swelling](/symptoms/hand-swelling/) while arranging care.

Stop activities that increase pain and support the wrist in a comfortable neutral position. Keep the hand raised when possible. A wrapped cold pack may reduce swelling for short periods; place cloth between the pack and skin. Remove rings or tight jewellery before swelling increases. Do not try to straighten the wrist or test it by lifting. A clinician may use an X-ray and, when needed, further imaging. Treatment can range from support and rehabilitation to [Fracture Casting](/treatments/trauma-and-fracture-care/fracture-casting/) or [Closed Reduction](/treatments/trauma-and-fracture-care/closed-reduction/).

Seek urgent medical care if the wrist is visibly deformed, an open wound overlies the injury, fingers are numb or blue, or pain and swelling are rapidly worsening. Arrange prompt assessment after a fall or direct blow when movement is limited or bone tenderness is marked, even if the wrist appears straight. A confirmed unstable fracture may require [Fracture Fixation Surgery](/treatments/trauma-and-fracture-care/fracture-fixation-surgery/).

Ask whether the injury needs imaging, which movements should be avoided, and how long the wrist should be supported. Also ask when hand movement can restart and whether [Hand Therapy](/treatments/physiotherapy-and-rehabilitation/hand-therapy/) would help restore motion and strength.