What should you know about invasive glioma?

Gliomas begin in supporting cells of the brain or spinal cord. Infiltrating growth can make the edge difficult to distinguish from healthy tissue on scans or during surgery. Astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma are glioma types. Pathology examines the cells and molecular features; imaging shows location, size and effects such as swelling.

A neuro-oncology team may combine neurological examination, magnetic resonance imaging and tissue obtained during a biopsy or brain tumour surgery. Surgery may remove as much tumour as is safely possible while protecting speech, movement, vision and memory. Radiotherapy can target remaining or higher-risk tumour cells, and other medicines may be considered according to the pathology. Rehabilitation can support walking, language, thinking or daily activities.

Seek emergency help for a first seizure, a seizure lasting longer than expected, sudden weakness on one side, new trouble speaking, severe worsening headache with vomiting, unusual drowsiness or a sudden change in vision. During treatment, report fever, a wound problem or a rapid change in neurological function to the care team.

Ask where the glioma is located, what grade and molecular features were found, whether surgery is safe, what function might be affected, whether radiotherapy is recommended, how seizures or swelling will be managed, and which rehabilitation services are available.