If you get tetanus, can it be cured?

Tetanus is caused by a toxin made by bacteria entering damaged skin. Treatment aims to stop further toxin effects, control muscle spasms and support breathing or swallowing if those functions become affected. Care may include medicines against the bacteria, an antitoxin to neutralise toxin that has not yet attached to nerves, wound cleaning and close monitoring. The illness does not spread directly between people, but its complications can be severe.

Do not wait for jaw stiffness before getting advice. A deep, dirty or puncture wound, an animal bite or a burn should be assessed promptly, especially when vaccination history is uncertain. A clinician can clean the wound and decide whether you need a tetanus vaccine, an antitoxin, or both. Keep the injury covered with a clean dressing while arranging care. Learn how vaccination reduces risk in Tetanus Vaccination.

Go to an emergency department immediately for a stiff jaw, difficulty swallowing, painful muscle tightening, neck or abdominal stiffness, breathing difficulty or spasms triggered by sound or touch. These symptoms can worsen quickly. Do not drive yourself if spasms or breathing problems are present; call emergency services.

Ask whether the wound needs further cleaning, which vaccines are recorded, whether a booster or antitoxin is needed, and which symptoms should prompt an emergency return.