What should you know about a huge Bartholin cyst?

The Bartholin glands sit near the lower vaginal opening and help provide lubrication. If a gland duct becomes blocked, fluid can form a cyst. When bacteria enter the trapped fluid, an abscess may develop, with increasing tenderness, warmth, redness or pus. A large swelling may make walking, sitting or sexual activity uncomfortable.

A clinician can examine the vulva and decide whether the lump is a cyst, abscess or another condition. A new or persistent lump in someone later in reproductive life may need additional assessment rather than being assumed to be a simple cyst.

Book an appointment, particularly if the swelling is growing, painful or interfering with daily activities. Warm sitz baths may ease discomfort while you wait, but do not squeeze, cut or try to drain it yourself. A clinician may recommend a small drainage procedure, a catheter or Bartholin Cyst Marsupialisation to create a lasting opening. Antibiotics may be used when infection or particular risk factors are present.

Seek same-day medical advice for severe Vulval Pain, fever, spreading redness, pus, rapid enlargement or difficulty passing urine. Go to emergency care if you feel faint, confused or seriously unwell. Urgent review is also sensible when pain is intense or the swelling prevents normal movement.

Ask whether the swelling is a cyst or abscess, whether it needs drainage, how to keep the area clean afterwards, and what symptoms should trigger review. If the lump is new or persistent, ask whether sampling or another examination is needed.