What does HPV vaccination mean in teenagers?

Human papillomavirus, or HPV, is a common virus passed through intimate skin-to-skin contact. Some types can cause cell changes that later become cancers, including cervical cancer. Vaccination trains the immune system to recognise selected HPV types; it does not treat an existing HPV infection or replace future screening.

The vaccine is offered during adolescence because it can work before exposure to HPV. It is given as an injection, and the number and timing of doses depend on age at the first dose and individual health circumstances. Vaccination is recommended for all eligible teenagers, not only those who are sexually active.

Check the local schedule with a qualified vaccinator and share any history of severe allergic reactions, immune conditions, pregnancy or recent illness. After the injection, remain seated briefly if advised because fainting can occur with injections in teenagers. Soreness, redness or swelling at the injection site, headache or feeling feverish can occur and usually settle without specific treatment.

Keep a record of each dose and attend later appointments if more doses are recommended. Vaccination does not remove the need for cervical screening when that becomes appropriate.

Tell the vaccinator immediately if the teenager feels faint or unwell after the injection. Get urgent help for difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, widespread hives or collapse after vaccination. Contact a clinician about a persistent or unusually severe reaction, or if a scheduled dose was delayed.

Ask which HPV types the vaccine covers, how many doses are needed, what to do after a missed appointment, whether another vaccine can be given at the same visit, and when screening should begin.