How is osteopenia different in postmenopausal women?

Osteopenia is a finding on a bone-density scan, not a broken bone and not the same diagnosis as osteoporosis. Menopause changes the balance between bone being removed and rebuilt; lower oestrogen can make bone loss faster for a time. The amount and pace of change vary between people. Osteopenia often causes no warning symptom, so a fracture can sometimes be the first sign that bone strength needs review.

Your clinician may consider age, previous fractures, medicines, family history, falls, nutrition and other health conditions alongside the scan. A result is therefore interpreted in context rather than treated as a prediction of exactly what will happen.

Discuss the scan result with a clinician who can explain whether repeat testing or treatment is appropriate. Keep physically active with weight-bearing movement and strength exercises suited to your balance and joints. Include calcium-containing foods and adequate vitamin D according to individual advice, avoid smoking, and keep alcohol moderate. Review medicines that may affect bone and make the home safer by improving lighting, clearing loose rugs and using suitable footwear.

Arrange medical assessment after a fall that causes persistent pain, especially in the hip, back or wrist, or if you notice a new stoop or sudden back pain. Seek urgent help after a serious fall, inability to stand, severe hip pain, or numbness and weakness affecting movement. A fracture can occur even when osteopenia has not been labelled osteoporosis.

Ask what your scan shows, which factors may be affecting your bones, whether you need a falls assessment, and when your bone health should be reviewed. Also ask which exercises, supplements or medicines fit your medical history and how to take them safely.