How long is the COVID-19 incubation period?

The COVID-19 incubation period can last several days, and symptoms may not appear at all. The exact timing differs between people and can be influenced by the circulating variant and a person’s immune protection.

The incubation period starts with exposure and ends when symptoms begin. It does not tell you exactly when you are infectious. COVID-19 may spread before symptoms, and a person can transmit it without feeling ill.

Watch for cough, sore throat, fever, tiredness, headache, or changes in smell and taste. Symptoms can be mild or absent. Persistent tiredness or difficulty concentrating after an infection may need a separate discussion about [Long COVID](/conditions/long-covid/).

Keep track of the date of exposure and any new symptoms. Use ventilation and a mask when close to others, particularly people more likely to become seriously ill. Test in line with current local advice, remembering that testing too early can miss an infection.

If you become unwell, stay home where possible and seek advice about treatment. Tell the clinician when the exposure occurred, when symptoms began, and whether you have medical conditions or take regular medicines.

Get emergency help for severe breathing difficulty, ongoing chest pain, sudden confusion, inability to stay awake, or blue, grey, or very pale lips or skin. Seek prompt clinical advice for symptoms that are getting worse or for dehydration, especially if you are pregnant or have a long-term condition.

You could ask when to test, when to resume close contact, whether your health history changes the advice, and whether any early treatment is appropriate for you.