How Is Vaginal Discharge Treated?

Normal discharge can vary with the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and hormonal changes. A new change in colour, smell, amount or texture may occur with thrush, bacterial vaginosis, cervical ectropion or a sexually transmitted infection such as chlamydia or gonorrhoea. Symptoms can overlap, so appearance alone cannot select the right treatment.

A clinician may ask about itching, pain, bleeding, urination, sexual exposure and pregnancy, then examine the area and take a swab or urine sample when needed. Antifungal treatment is used for confirmed or strongly suspected thrush. Antibiotic treatment is used for bacterial or pelvic infections when prescribed; partners may also need assessment for some infections.

Avoid scented washes, vaginal deodorants and douching, which can irritate the area or alter its natural balance. Wash gently, keep the area dry and use condoms until an infection assessment is complete when sexually transmitted infection is possible. Do not reuse leftover antibiotics or thrush medicine if the pattern is unfamiliar or keeps returning.

Arrange prompt medical care for discharge with pelvic pain, fever, pain during sex, bleeding after sex, sores, pregnancy, or a strong new smell. Seek urgent help for severe lower abdominal pain, fainting, heavy bleeding or feeling very unwell. These features can need rapid assessment for a pelvic infection or another condition.

Could this be thrush, bacterial vaginosis, irritation or a sexually transmitted infection? Do I need a swab or urine test? Should my partner be tested or treated? When should symptoms improve, and what should I do if they return?