How is COVID-19 different in older adults?

An older person may not develop a prominent fever or may describe tiredness, weakness, dizziness, reduced appetite or a sudden change in alertness instead. Existing memory, heart, lung or kidney problems can make a new infection harder to recognise and can reduce the body's reserve during illness. Symptoms can overlap with a usual condition, so a clear change from normal is useful information.

Older age does not determine how one person will feel, but it is associated with greater concern for complications. Breathing changes, reduced fluid intake and a sudden decline in mobility deserve prompt clinical attention.

Check how the person is eating, drinking, breathing, moving and responding compared with their usual state. Follow current testing and infection-control advice, improve ventilation and reduce close contact while illness is possible. Contact a clinician early about testing and treatment options, particularly if the person has long-term conditions or takes several medicines. Keep an up-to-date list of medicines available.

Seek urgent help for severe or new breathlessness, chest pain, blue or grey lips, fainting, new confusion, inability to wake normally, or sudden marked weakness. Same-day medical advice is appropriate for a clear decline, repeated vomiting, inability to drink, or much less urine. Do not wait for a high fever before seeking help.

Ask which changes are unusual for this person, whether testing or early treatment is suitable, how medicines should be managed during illness, and what level of breathing or alertness change needs urgent review.