How common is severe abdominal pain in pregnancy in preterm labour?

Preterm labour begins before the expected time of birth and may involve painful contractions, pressure in the pelvis, lower backache, period-like cramps, fluid leakage, or a change in vaginal discharge. Severe pain can be constant or come in waves. The cervix may change even when contractions are not easy to recognise, so the pattern should be checked by a maternity team. Other causes, including infection or placental problems, can produce similar symptoms.

Contact your maternity unit immediately if you have severe pain or think labour may be starting early. Rest while arranging advice, avoid intercourse and strenuous activity until assessed, and record contractions, fluid loss, bleeding, and fetal movement. Take your pregnancy notes with you. Clinicians may assess contractions, the cervix, infection, fetal wellbeing, and whether your waters have broken.

Call emergency services for unbearable or rapidly worsening pain, heavy bleeding, faintness, collapse, green or smelly fluid, fever, or reduced fetal movement. Any suspected labour before term deserves prompt contact, including when pain is irregular or bleeding is absent. Do not wait for contractions to become evenly spaced.

Ask whether the cervix or membranes show signs of labour, how your baby will be monitored, what the discharge or fluid means, and which changes require immediate return. Ask about the next examination, possible observation, and whom to call overnight.