Home remedies for earache

Earache may arise from pressure during a cold or sinusitis, irritation from earwax buildup, or inflammation in the middle ear. Throat problems such as tonsillitis can also cause pain felt near the ear. The pattern, hearing changes and examination findings help separate these possibilities.

Place a warm cloth over the outer ear, rest, drink fluids and avoid smoke or other irritants. Keep the ear dry and do not insert cotton buds, fingers, oils or household remedies. If you can take them safely, use a pain reliever according to its label; ask a pharmacist about interactions or medical conditions that affect your choice. Avoid using leftover antibiotic treatment or ear drops unless a clinician has recommended them for this episode.

Seek prompt advice for severe pain, new hearing loss, fluid or blood from the ear, fever, repeated vomiting, significant dizziness or swelling around the ear. Urgent care is appropriate for facial weakness, confusion, a severe headache or rapid deterioration. A young child, someone with diabetes or reduced immunity, or a person with previous ear surgery may need assessment sooner.

What part of the ear appears affected? Do I need an ear examination for wax or infection? Which home measure and pain reliever fit my situation, and what changes should prompt a review?