High altitude sickness: symptoms and treatment

High altitude sickness can improve with rest and no further ascent, but worsening symptoms require prompt descent and medical help. Early symptoms may include headache, nausea, dizziness, tiredness, and poor appetite. Treat the change in symptoms seriously, even if the person has previously tolerated altitude.

Altitude sickness happens when the body has not had time to adjust to reduced air pressure and oxygen availability. Symptoms often begin after going higher or sleeping at a new altitude. Mild illness can affect everyday comfort, while severe illness can involve the brain or lungs. A headache or nausea may be part of the condition, but infection, dehydration, heat, and other illnesses can look similar.

Stop ascent, rest, keep warm, and drink normally without forcing excess fluid. Avoid alcohol and strenuous exercise. Monitor the person with a companion and do not leave them alone if symptoms are progressing. If there is no clear improvement, descend to a lower altitude. A travel health consultation before departure can help plan gradual ascent and discuss medicines suited to your medical history.

Seek emergency help for confusion, unusual sleepiness, loss of coordination, inability to walk normally, fainting, breathlessness at rest, chest tightness, or coughing frothy sputum. Descend immediately with assistance if this can be done safely. Do not let someone with severe symptoms sleep unattended or continue the climb while waiting for advice.

Ask how to schedule a gradual ascent, which early symptoms should stop your itinerary, and whether prevention medicine is suitable. Share your destination, sleeping altitude, previous altitude illness, pregnancy status, and heart or lung conditions.