Heat cramps symptoms and treatment

Heat cramps are involuntary contractions that can affect the calves, thighs, arms, shoulders or abdominal muscles. They often follow exertion in a hot environment, when sweating changes the body's water and salt balance. The muscle may feel firm and difficult to relax. [Muscle Cramps](/symptoms/muscle-cramps/) provides a broader description of this symptom.

Thirst, tiredness, headache or reduced urination may point to [Dehydration](/conditions/dehydration/) occurring alongside the cramps. The combination is more concerning than an isolated brief spasm.

Stop the activity and move to shade, a cool room or air conditioning. Loosen clothing, rest the affected area and gently stretch it until the contraction releases. A cool cloth can help you feel more comfortable.

Sip water rather than drinking quickly. After prolonged sweating, discuss [Oral Rehydration Therapy](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/oral-rehydration-therapy/) with a pharmacist or clinician. Avoid strenuous activity until you feel normal, and do not use salt tablets without professional advice.

Seek urgent care for confusion, fainting, seizures, severe weakness, breathing problems, chest pain, repeated vomiting or inability to drink. Arrange medical assessment if cramps persist or recur despite cooling and rest, since another condition or a more serious heat illness may be involved.

Ask how to pace activity in heat, whether your medicines affect sweating or fluid balance, and which drinks are appropriate for your health. Share the activity, heat exposure, duration of sweating and any other symptoms.