When is hand, foot and mouth disease infectious?

The virus passes through respiratory secretions, saliva, fluid from blisters and stool. Children can spread it before the rash is recognised, especially when fever or mouth symptoms begin. A dry rash does not mean every route of spread has stopped, because stool may contain virus for longer.

Wash hands with soap after toileting, changing nappies and wiping a nose. Clean toys and frequently touched surfaces, dispose of tissues promptly, and avoid sharing cups, cutlery, towels or toothbrushes. Cover coughs and sneezes. Keep blisters clean and do not squeeze them.

Speak with a clinician if the child cannot drink, has persistent fever, or needs advice about returning to nursery or school. Seek urgent help for breathing difficulty, a seizure, unusual difficulty waking, or signs of dehydration such as very little urine.

Ask which hygiene precautions matter most at home, when group activities are reasonable, and whether another illness could explain the fever or rash.