What should you know about hair loss in infants due to cradle cap?

Cradle cap, also called infantile seborrheic dermatitis, commonly causes greasy or dry flakes on the scalp. Scale can cling to hair shafts, so hairs may be released when flakes shed or when a caregiver scrubs and picks at them. The hair follicles are usually not being destroyed by the scale itself, and regrowth can occur as the scalp settles. A smooth bald patch, broken hairs, pus, or pronounced redness is less typical and may have another explanation.

Wash with a mild infant shampoo and use fingertips rather than fingernails. A soft brush can loosen surface flakes after washing; do not scrape or pull attached scale. If the scalp is dry, ask a clinician or pharmacist whether emollient therapy is suitable and how long to leave it on before washing. Do not apply adult dandruff products, essential oils, or medicated creams without advice. If the appearance persists, a clinician can decide whether topical antifungal treatment is appropriate.

Contact the child's clinician if the scalp bleeds, oozes, becomes swollen, develops marked redness, or seems painful. Arrange an assessment for a sharply defined bald area, broken hairs, spreading scale, fever, or a baby who is unusually unsettled. Seek prompt advice if hair loss continues after the flakes improve.

Does this look like cradle cap or another scalp condition? Is an emollient appropriate for my baby? How should flakes be softened and removed? When would topical antifungal treatment be considered? What changes should prompt a follow-up?