Food poisoning and stomach cramps: what to know

Foodborne germs or toxins can inflame the digestive tract. The bowel may contract more strongly as it moves fluid and irritants through, creating waves of cramping. Cramps are a common presentation of food poisoning, but abdominal pain can have other causes too. Notice whether pain is spread across the abdomen or fixed in one spot, and whether it eases after passing stool or vomiting. See the related guidance on [Abdominal Pain](/symptoms/abdominal-pain/) and [Food Poisoning](/conditions/food-poisoning/).

Take frequent small sips of water or an [Oral Rehydration Therapy](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/oral-rehydration-therapy/) solution. Rest, and eat light foods when your appetite returns. Avoid alcohol and foods that clearly worsen the cramps. Keep track of urine, thirst, dizziness and the number of vomiting or diarrhoea episodes. Do not prepare food for others while you are actively unwell, and wash your hands carefully after using the toilet.

Seek urgent care for severe or steadily worsening pain, a hard or swollen abdomen, blood in stool or vomit, fainting, confusion, or inability to keep fluids down. Prompt assessment is also sensible with signs of dehydration, high fever, or symptoms in a young child, an older adult, or someone with a significant medical condition. [IV Fluid Therapy](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/iv-fluid-therapy/) may be considered when drinking cannot replace lost fluid.

Ask what may be causing the cramps, which fluids are suitable, whether any medicines should be avoided, and what changes would require same-day review.