Is food poisoning an infection?

Contamination may introduce bacteria, viruses, parasites, or substances produced by them. The gut may respond with diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and fever. Symptoms do not reveal the exact organism. Some infectious causes spread through contaminated hands, surfaces, or food, so avoid preparing food for others while ill. Learn about [Food Poisoning](/conditions/food-poisoning/) and [Abdominal Pain](/symptoms/abdominal-pain/).

Focus on hydration with regular small sips of water, broth, or [Oral Rehydration Therapy](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/oral-rehydration-therapy/). Eat lightly when appetite returns and rest. Wash hands with soap, clean toilet surfaces, and keep raw food away from ready-to-eat food. Do not take antibiotics or anti-diarrhoeal medicines without clinical advice.

Contact a clinician when symptoms are prolonged, worsening, or stop you drinking. Urgent care is appropriate for severe pain, bloody diarrhoea or vomit, fainting, confusion, or major dehydration. Seek earlier advice for a baby, older person, pregnancy, or a condition affecting immunity or fluid balance. [IV Fluid Therapy](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/iv-fluid-therapy/) may be used when oral fluids fail.

Ask whether testing is needed, whether particular medicines should be avoided, how to protect household members, and what changes should trigger urgent review.