Food contaminated with food poisoning bacteria

Bacteria or their toxins can irritate the digestive tract after contaminated food is eaten. Symptoms may include nausea, abdominal pain, loose stools, vomiting and fever. The timing varies with the organism and toxin, so illness may begin soon after eating or later. The food that caused symptoms is not always the last food eaten.

Most care focuses on replacing fluid and salts lost through vomiting or diarrhoea. Antibiotics are not suitable for every foodborne illness, and anti-diarrhoeal medicines may be unsafe in some situations. A clinician decides whether testing or prescription treatment is appropriate.

Take small, frequent sips of water or oral rehydration solution, especially after each loose stool or episode of vomiting. Rest, eat light foods when able, and avoid preparing food for others while actively unwell. Wash hands with soap and water and clean shared bathroom surfaces. Keep a note of symptoms, fluids taken and any other people who became ill.

Seek prompt care for blood in stool, severe abdominal pain, persistent fever, repeated vomiting, worsening weakness, very little urine or inability to keep fluids down. Emergency assessment is needed for confusion, fainting, severe dehydration or collapse. Infants, older adults, pregnant people and those with significant medical conditions may need earlier advice.

Do I need stool testing or prescription treatment? Which fluids are appropriate for me? How can I prevent passing the illness to household members? Could another condition explain these symptoms?