What should you know about etiology of impetigo?

The infection can begin when bacteria reach a small break in the skin. Scratching, insect bites, minor injuries, and irritated skin can make entry easier. Existing [Atopic Dermatitis](/conditions/atopic-dermatitis/) may weaken the skin barrier and increase opportunities for infection, but impetigo can also appear on previously healthy skin.

Blisters or sores may break and leave yellow-brown crusts. Touching a sore and then another body area can transfer bacteria, and shared towels, clothing, or close contact can spread infection to other people. Scratching also increases the chance of enlarging the affected area.

Arrange an assessment if sores are spreading, recurring, or producing characteristic [Crusting Skin](/symptoms/skin-crusting/). Gently clean the area as advised, wash hands after touching it, keep nails short, and avoid sharing towels, clothing, razors, or bedding. Covering lesions when practical can reduce contact spread.

Treatment depends on the extent and location of infection. A clinician may prescribe [Topical Antibiotic Therapy](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-antibiotic-therapy/) for limited disease or [Antibiotics For Skin Infection](/treatments/medical-dermatology/antibiotic-therapy-for-skin-infection/) when broader treatment is needed. Use prescribed medicine exactly as directed and do not share it.

Seek prompt care if redness, warmth, swelling, pain, or discharge extends around the sores, or if fever develops. Urgent assessment is appropriate for a child who seems very unwell, infection near the eyes, rapidly spreading lesions, or facial swelling. Return for review if treatment is not helping as expected.

Is this impetigo or another crusting rash? Could eczema, scratching, or an injury have damaged the skin barrier? Which treatment is suitable for the number and location of sores? How should household contacts, towels, and school or work attendance be handled?