Eczema rash in babies: what parents should know

Atopic dermatitis is a common form of eczema in infancy. It can appear on the cheeks, scalp, arms, legs or body folds, with colour changes that vary across skin tones. The surface may feel rough, flaky or warm, and rubbing can make irritation worse. A flare can settle and return, especially when the skin is dry or exposed to heat, sweat, saliva, fragranced products or rough fabrics. This rash is not contagious. Scratching may create open areas, which can then become infected.

Use a fragrance-free cleanser sparingly and wash with lukewarm water rather than hot water. Pat the skin dry, then apply a thick, bland moisturiser while it is still slightly damp; repeat when the skin feels dry. Keep nails short, choose soft breathable clothing and avoid overheating. Do not apply adult products, essential oils or medicated creams to a baby unless a clinician has advised it. A clinician can identify the rash and explain whether a prescribed anti-inflammatory treatment is suitable for the baby's age and affected area. Read more about Atopic Dermatitis and Dry Skin.

Arrange a prompt assessment if the rash is spreading, persistently disrupting sleep, bleeding, painful or not improving with basic moisturising. Seek urgent medical advice for blisters, pus, honey-coloured crusts, rapidly increasing warmth or swelling, fever, unusual sleepiness, poor feeding or a baby who seems unwell. Crusting Skin and Skin-Cracking pages can help you describe changes, but they do not replace an examination.

Ask which moisturiser texture suits your baby, how often to apply it, whether bathing needs changing, and how to use any prescribed cream safely. Mention new products, foods, illness, sleep disturbance and the places where the rash started. Ask what signs would suggest infection and when the baby should be reviewed.