Eczema and dry scalp: what to know

Scalp eczema may cause fine or thicker scale, redness, tightness, and itch around the hairline, behind the ears, or across the scalp. Hair products, fragrance, dyes, heat, and vigorous scratching can intensify irritation. Dandruff and other scalp conditions can look similar, so the scale pattern and any changes on the face or body help a clinician distinguish them. Scratching may break the skin and create tender areas.

Wash with a mild, fragrance-free shampoo and rinse thoroughly. Use lukewarm water, avoid scraping scale with the nails, and pause new styling products until the scalp settles. Keep nails short and use a cool compress over an itchy spot. Do not apply a thick body ointment through the hair unless advised, because the appropriate product depends on the scalp and hair type. A clinician can recommend a scalp-specific anti-inflammatory treatment.

Arrange medical advice if persistent itch disrupts sleep, scale is extensive, or hair care becomes difficult. Seek prompt assessment for painful sores, pus, marked swelling, spreading redness, or crusting. Sudden patchy hair loss also merits a review rather than repeated scratching or home treatment.

Does this look like eczema, dandruff, or another scalp condition? Which shampoo and leave-on treatment suit my hair? Could a dye, fragrance, or styling product be causing contact irritation?