Early signs of depression

Someone may stop enjoying people or activities, feel slowed down, become tearful or irritable, and find ordinary decisions unusually hard. Physical experiences can include Fatigue, appetite change, aches or reduced sexual interest. Sleep may mean difficulty falling asleep, waking early or sleeping much longer; Insomnia and daytime tiredness can also worsen concentration. Feeling Anxious often occurs with depression, but anxiety alone does not establish the diagnosis. The key concern is a cluster of changes that persists, causes distress or interferes with work, relationships or self-care.

Tell someone you trust what has changed and arrange a GP appointment. Note mood, sleep, appetite, energy, concentration, medicines, alcohol or drug use and recent stresses. Keep basic routines, eat regularly, take short walks if able, and choose manageable tasks rather than expecting motivation to return immediately. A clinician can discuss talking therapies, practical support and medication when appropriate. Do not stop prescribed treatment suddenly without advice.

Seek urgent help if you are thinking about suicide, self-harm or harming someone else, feel unable to stay safe, or hear or see things others do not. Contact emergency services or go to the nearest emergency department in an immediate crisis. Arrange prompt medical review for a rapid deterioration, inability to eat or drink, severe agitation, or several nights of very little sleep with unusually high energy or risky behaviour.

Ask whether your symptoms fit depression, what physical causes should be checked, which treatment options suit you, and what to do if your mood worsens between appointments.