Ear pain: what to do

Pain may arise from the ear canal, the middle ear, pressure after a cold or sinus problem, or wax pressing against the canal. Throat and tonsil problems can also be felt in the ear because nearby nerves share pathways. A clinician may need to inspect the canal and eardrum rather than relying on pain location alone.

Follow the label or professional advice for pain medicine appropriate to your age and health. A warm cloth held gently against the outer ear may feel soothing. Do not use cotton buds, sharp objects, unprescribed drops or leftover antibiotics. If water exposure preceded the pain, keep the ear dry until it has been checked. Do not try to remove deeply stuck wax yourself.

Arrange prompt assessment for discharge, worsening pain, new hearing loss, swelling behind the ear, severe dizziness, facial weakness or a high temperature with marked illness. Seek urgent help for breathing or swallowing difficulty, confusion, or severe headache. Children with persistent pain, poor drinking or unusual drowsiness need timely review.

Ask whether the pain comes from infection, wax, congestion or the throat; whether the eardrum is intact; and which drops or pain medicines are safe. Ask when to return if hearing remains blocked.