Does vulvar cancer cause a new lump or swelling?

The change may be a firm area, a raised spot, thickened skin, or swelling on one side of the vulva. It can be easy to notice while washing, dressing, or sitting. Vulvar cancer may also cause a sore, colour change, bleeding, discharge, or a skin area that does not settle. These signs can overlap with an irritated gland, infection, cyst, or another skin condition, so appearance alone cannot identify the cause.

Notice when the change began, whether it is growing, and whether it is painful, itchy, bleeding, or draining. Use a mirror and gentle lighting if that helps you observe the skin without repeated rubbing.

Arrange an appointment with a GP, gynaecologist, or clinician experienced in vulval symptoms if the lump or swelling is new, remains present, or changes. They may inspect the area, ask about symptoms and medical history, and decide whether testing or a small tissue sample is needed. Do not squeeze, pierce, or repeatedly apply products to the area before it is assessed.

Until then, wash gently with lukewarm water, avoid fragranced soaps and new creams, and choose loose, breathable underwear. Record any bleeding, discharge, pain, or change in size so you can describe it clearly.

Seek prompt medical care for a lump or swelling that bleeds, becomes an open sore, develops marked pain, or is accompanied by fever or rapidly increasing redness. Seek urgent help if bleeding is heavy, pain is severe, or you feel faint. A persistent change deserves assessment even when it is not painful.

You could ask: What could be causing this change? Does it need an examination or biopsy? Which symptoms should prompt faster review? What products or activities should I avoid while it heals or is being investigated?