Does peripheral neuropathy cause numbness and tingling?

Peripheral neuropathy involves irritation or damage to nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. Sensation may change gradually in a symmetrical pattern, such as both feet, and can feel like pins and needles, reduced touch, burning or electric shocks. Some people also notice weakness, poor balance or extra sensitivity to light touch. Diabetes is a frequent contributor, but alcohol, vitamin problems, kidney disease, medicines and other conditions can affect nerves too. Numbness has several possible explanations, so an examination is needed.

Book an appointment if symptoms persist, spread or interfere with sleep, walking or hand use. Keep a note of where symptoms occur, whether they are constant, and any weakness or balance change. A clinician may review medicines and health conditions, examine reflexes and sensation, and order blood tests or other investigations. Protect numb areas from hot water, heating devices, tight footwear and unnoticed cuts; check feet regularly.

Seek urgent help for numbness that begins suddenly, affects one side, follows a head or spine injury, or occurs with facial drooping, trouble speaking, severe weakness or loss of bladder control. Arrange prompt assessment for rapidly worsening symptoms, new falls, or a foot wound you cannot feel. These features can signal a problem beyond slowly developing peripheral nerve changes.

Ask what may be affecting your nerves, whether testing is needed, how to manage discomfort, and how to prevent injuries. Tell the clinician about diabetes, alcohol use, recent illness, new medicines, chemotherapy, family history and any changes in strength or balance.