Does intraductal papilloma cause nipple discharge?

An intraductal papilloma grows inside a breast duct and can irritate or partially block it. Discharge may come from one breast, one duct or one nipple opening. It can be clear, yellowish or blood-stained. A small lump or tenderness may also be present, although some people notice discharge without feeling a lump.

Nipple discharge has other causes, including hormonal changes, medicines, infection, duct changes and, less often, a more serious breast condition. The appearance of discharge does not establish the cause. A clinician may ask whether it occurs spontaneously or only after squeezing, whether it is one-sided, and whether there are skin or nipple changes.

Book a breast assessment for new, persistent or unexplained discharge, especially when it happens without touching the nipple or comes from one side. Avoid repeatedly squeezing the nipple because this can maintain discharge. Note its colour, frequency and whether you feel a lump. Assessment may include an examination and breast imaging; a sample or removal of a duct growth may be discussed according to the findings.

Seek prompt medical advice for spontaneous blood-stained discharge, a new breast or armpit lump, nipple inversion, a new skin dimple, redness, warmth or fever. Urgent care is appropriate if breast pain is severe with fever or you feel acutely unwell. These signs do not name a diagnosis, but they should not be ignored.

Ask whether the discharge appears to come from one duct, which imaging is suitable, and whether a papilloma needs monitoring, biopsy or removal. Ask how to care for the breast while waiting and which changes should trigger an earlier review.