Does germ cell tumour cause testicular lump?

A germ cell tumour may feel like a firm area within one testicle, with swelling, a change in size or a heavy feeling in the scrotum. Discomfort may be absent, so lack of pain does not settle the cause. Infection, a cyst, injury or another non-cancerous change can also produce swelling or a lump.

A clinician usually examines the testicles and may arrange an ultrasound. Further tests are chosen according to the examination and scan findings. Do not try to diagnose the lump by comparing it with pictures or by repeatedly pressing it.

Arrange a medical appointment for any new, persistent or changing testicular lump. Write down when you first noticed it, whether it has changed, and any pain, swelling or injury. Wear supportive underwear if movement is uncomfortable, but do not delay assessment while waiting for symptoms to settle.

Seek emergency care for sudden severe testicular pain, rapidly increasing swelling, nausea or vomiting, or a testicle that appears unusually high or twisted. These features can signal a time-sensitive problem unrelated to whether the lump is cancerous.

What could explain this lump? Do I need an ultrasound? What changes should make me return sooner? When will I receive the results?