Does gallstones cause abdominal pain?

A stone can obstruct the outlet of the gallbladder as it squeezes bile into the intestine. Pain is often felt in the upper right or upper middle abdomen and may spread to the back or right shoulder. It can build to a steady ache rather than come and go like a cramp, and nausea or vomiting may accompany it. Some people have gallstones without symptoms; pain develops when a stone interferes with drainage.

Many digestive and abdominal conditions can cause similar discomfort. The location, timing, examination and sometimes an ultrasound help a clinician distinguish gallstone pain from other causes.

Arrange an assessment if pain recurs, lasts longer than expected, follows meals repeatedly or affects daily activities. Note its location, duration, relation to food, vomiting, fever and any yellowing of the eyes. A clinician may recommend imaging, blood tests, dietary adjustments or treatment based on the findings. Do not rely on self-treatment if symptoms are escalating.

Seek urgent care for severe or persistent abdominal pain, fever, repeated vomiting, a swollen abdomen, fainting or yellow skin or eyes. Pain with fever can indicate inflammation or infection, while yellowing may reflect bile-duct obstruction.

Ask whether the pain pattern fits gallstones, whether ultrasound or blood tests are needed, how to reduce further attacks, and which warning signs require emergency help.