Does coeliac disease cause unintentional weight loss?

Coeliac disease can injure the small-intestine lining when gluten triggers an immune response. Reduced absorption of calories and nutrients may contribute to weight loss. Abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea or bloating can also reduce appetite or make eating uncomfortable. Some people lose weight while others do not, and the amount or speed of change does not identify the cause. Dental problems, thyroid disease, infection, mood changes, medicines and other digestive conditions can also lead to unplanned weight loss.

Assessment usually begins with questions about your eating pattern, bowel symptoms, health history and the timing of the change. Blood tests may be used when coeliac disease is suspected. Discuss gluten intake before testing rather than changing your diet independently.

Arrange a medical appointment for unexplained weight loss, especially if it continues or comes with diarrhoea, bloating or fatigue. Write down your weight trend, appetite, meals, bowel changes and medicines. Choose nourishing foods that you tolerate and keep fluids regular while waiting for advice. Ask for dietitian support if eating is difficult. Avoid starting a gluten-free diet before coeliac testing has been discussed, because dietary changes can complicate the assessment.

Seek urgent care for fainting, severe weakness, inability to keep fluids down, signs of dehydration, severe abdominal pain, black or bloody stools, or new confusion. Contact a clinician promptly if weight loss is accompanied by persistent vomiting, fever, a new abdominal lump, or difficulty swallowing.

Could coeliac disease explain my weight change? What tests should be done first? Should I continue eating gluten until testing is complete? Do I need checks for anaemia or nutrient deficiencies? How can I maintain nutrition while symptoms are being investigated?