Does breast cancer cause nipple discharge?

Discharge may come from changes in the milk ducts, hormone shifts, medicines, infection, or a benign growth within a duct. Breast cancer is one possible cause, especially when discharge is spontaneous, comes from one breast, or is clear or bloody. The appearance alone cannot identify the cause. A clinician may ask about pregnancy, breastfeeding, menstrual changes, medicines, and whether you notice a lump or skin change.

Arrange a clinical assessment rather than repeatedly squeezing the nipple, which can encourage more discharge. Note its colour, texture, whether it appears without touching, and which side is affected. Depending on your age and findings, assessment may include an examination and breast imaging. Further testing can be recommended if imaging or the examination shows an area that needs closer review.

Seek prompt medical advice for discharge that is bloody or clear and occurs without squeezing, particularly if it comes from one breast. Arrange urgent review if discharge occurs with a new lump, nipple inversion, a wound, marked redness, warmth, swelling, or fever. These signs do not establish a diagnosis, but they warrant timely assessment.

Ask what may be causing the discharge and whether you need imaging. You can also ask which changes should prompt faster review, whether any medicine could contribute, and when you should expect the next step in your assessment.