Does a blood test treat coeliac disease?

Blood testing for coeliac disease commonly looks for antibodies linked with an immune reaction to gluten. It may also help show anaemia or nutritional problems related to poor absorption. The result needs clinical interpretation, and a positive result may be followed by referral for further assessment, sometimes including a small-bowel biopsy. Testing can be less informative if gluten has already been removed from the diet, so discuss diet changes before testing.

The main treatment is a strict gluten-free diet, supported by advice from a qualified clinician or dietitian. Follow-up can check symptoms, nutrition and antibody levels, but a blood sample does not remove gluten sensitivity or heal the intestine by itself.

Arrange review of the result with the clinician who requested it. Unless you have been specifically advised otherwise, ask before starting a gluten-free diet because changing your diet may affect the accuracy of later testing. Tell the clinician about weight loss, ongoing diarrhoea, bloating, tiredness, mouth ulcers, bone problems and any family history. Do not begin supplements or restrictive diets without discussing what you need.

Seek prompt medical advice for dehydration, repeated vomiting, severe abdominal pain, fainting, black or bloody stools, or weight loss that is continuing without explanation. Emergency help is appropriate for collapse, severe weakness or breathing difficulty. These symptoms need clinical assessment whether or not a blood test has been arranged.

Ask which antibodies were tested, whether you should continue eating gluten until assessment is complete, whether you need a specialist referral, and how anaemia or nutrient deficiencies will be checked.