Does antibiotic treatment treat middle ear infection?

A middle ear infection can follow a cold and may involve viruses or bacteria. Antibiotics work against bacteria, not viruses, so a clinician may recommend observation and pain relief when illness is mild and there are no concerning features. Antibiotics are more likely to be considered when symptoms are severe, persistent, or affecting a child who needs closer assessment.

Ear pain and fever can improve before fluid behind the eardrum has gone. Use only age-appropriate pain medicine at the recommended dose, and never put drops or objects into the ear unless a clinician has advised it.

Arrange an examination if ear pain, fever, reduced hearing, or discharge persists. If an antibiotic is prescribed, give or take every dose as directed and complete the course. A child who is taking fluids and responding normally can often be monitored with clear advice from a clinician.

Seek urgent assessment for swelling or redness behind the ear, an ear that appears pushed forward, severe headache, stiff neck, unusual drowsiness, or facial weakness. Prompt review is also needed for a very unwell child, dehydration, or worsening symptoms despite treatment.

Ask whether the eardrum was visible, whether observation is suitable, how to control pain, and when hearing or persistent fluid should be checked.