Does a surgical oncology perform risk-reducing mastectomy?

This surgery removes breast tissue to lower future breast cancer risk. It may be discussed with people whose personal or family history, or an inherited genetic change, places them at substantially increased risk. It is elective, and deciding against surgery remains a valid choice.

The surgeon explains how much breast tissue would be removed and whether the skin or nipple might be preserved. No mastectomy removes every breast cell, so risk is reduced rather than eliminated. The operation does not treat a tumour when it is being performed solely for prevention.

Planning may involve genetics, breast imaging, psychological support, and a plastic surgeon. Reconstruction can be performed at the same operation, delayed, or not chosen. Options may use an implant or the person's own tissue, depending on health, anatomy, preferences, and surgical suitability.

Bring details of cancer diagnoses in close relatives and any genetic test report to the consultation. Ask the team to explain your personal risk in plain language, the alternatives to surgery, the recommended imaging plan if you do not proceed, and how the timing fits with pregnancy plans or other treatment.

Before the operation, discuss smoking, medicines, allergies, previous chest surgery, and conditions that affect healing. Plan support for washing, dressing, meals, transport, and arm movement during early recovery. Follow the team's instructions for wound care, drains, exercises, supportive clothing, and return to routine activities.

Contact the surgical unit for fever, spreading redness, worsening swelling, cloudy or foul-smelling drainage, a sudden change in drain output, opening of the wound, or pain that is increasing rather than settling. Call emergency services for severe breathlessness, chest pain, fainting, confusion, uncontrolled bleeding, or sudden marked swelling. New arm swelling or redness also needs prompt assessment for infection or lymphatic problems.

Discuss whether surgery is recommended for one breast or both, whether nipple preservation is suitable, and what scars and sensation changes to expect. Ask how each reconstruction option could affect recovery and later imaging, what complications are most relevant to you, and what emotional or peer support is available before making a final decision.