Does an andrology service perform surgical sperm retrieval?

Andrology focuses on male reproductive health, including sperm production, sperm transport and fertility assessment. Surgical sperm retrieval collects sperm directly from the epididymis or testicular tissue when sperm are absent from, or very limited in, the ejaculate. Techniques may include PESA, TESA or TESE; the suitable method depends on the examination, hormone results, previous procedures and the suspected cause.

The andrology team may work with a urologist, fertility specialist and embryology laboratory. If sperm are collected, the laboratory can assess and prepare them for assisted reproduction. The procedure and anaesthesia plan vary, so the clinic should explain whether the sample will be used immediately, frozen, or collected alongside a partner’s treatment.

Ask for an andrology consultation if semen tests repeatedly show no sperm or very few sperm, or if a blockage or testicular problem is suspected. Bring previous semen analyses, operations, medication details and relevant family history. Ask whether hormone testing, ultrasound or genetic assessment is needed before retrieval, and how the result will affect the fertility plan.

Follow the clinic’s instructions about medicines, fasting, washing and transport arrangements. Do not stop prescribed medicines without guidance. Confirm who will perform the procedure, what type of anaesthesia is planned, and how you will receive the laboratory result.

Contact the treating team promptly after the procedure for increasing swelling, bleeding that does not settle, fever, worsening pain, redness or difficulty passing urine. Seek urgent medical help for heavy bleeding, severe pain, fainting, breathing difficulty or a rapidly worsening reaction.

Which retrieval method fits my test results, and who will carry it out? What are the anaesthesia, recovery and sample-handling arrangements? If no sperm are found, what alternatives should we discuss?