Different Types of Casts for Broken Bones

A plaster cast is mouldable and can be shaped closely around the limb, which is useful when careful positioning is needed. It is heavier and must be kept dry. A fibreglass cast is lighter, durable and often easier to keep clean, although it still needs protection from water unless the clinical team says otherwise.

A splint, sometimes called a half-cast, supports the injured area while leaving room for swelling. It may be used soon after an injury or between stages of treatment. A full cast surrounds the limb and is considered when swelling has settled and the fracture needs steadier support. Some casts cover only part of an arm, wrist, leg or foot, while others extend across a nearby joint.

For a broken wrist such as a distal radius fracture, the support may change as swelling falls and the bone position is checked. Casting is one treatment option; reduction or fixation surgery may be discussed when alignment or stability requires it.

Keep the cast dry, do not insert objects inside it, and avoid trimming or padding it yourself. Elevate the limb when it is swollen, move the free fingers or toes gently if advised, and follow the weight-bearing or lifting instructions you were given. Check the skin around the edges for rubbing and keep follow-up appointments so the fit and healing can be assessed.

Do not drive, exercise, or return to work duties that could jar the injury until your clinician gives clear guidance. Once the cast is removed, hand therapy or another rehabilitation plan can help restore movement and strength.

Contact the treating service promptly if fingers or toes become increasingly numb, blue, cold, very swollen or difficult to move, or if pain is worsening despite the recommended plan. Seek urgent assessment for severe pressure, a broken or wet cast that no longer supports the limb, a bad smell or drainage, fever, or new pain after a fall.

Ask which cast or splint is being used, how long it is expected to stay on, whether you may walk or use the hand, how to protect it while bathing, and which changes should trigger a call. Ask when imaging or cast replacement is planned and what exercises are safe.