What is Crohn's disease?

Crohn's disease can affect any part of the digestive tract, from the mouth to the bowel, and the areas involved differ between people. Inflammation may cause abdominal pain, diarrhoea, tiredness, reduced appetite, or weight change. Some people have periods of active symptoms followed by quieter periods. The condition is different from a short-lived stomach infection, and symptoms alone cannot confirm the diagnosis.

A clinician considers your history and examination alongside tests. A Blood Test may help look for inflammation, anaemia, or nutritional concerns, while further assessment may be arranged when needed. Crohn's disease is not the same as irritable bowel syndrome, although some symptoms can overlap.

Arrange a GP Consultation if persistent diarrhoea, recurring abdominal pain, blood in stool, tiredness, or unexplained weight change is affecting you. Record bowel changes, pain location, fever, food triggers, medicines, and how symptoms affect daily activities. This gives the clinician a clearer picture.

Do not start restrictive diets or stop prescribed medicine based only on online information. Treatment is chosen according to the affected area, inflammation, symptoms, and your wider health. Support may include medicines, nutrition advice, monitoring, and specialist care.

Seek urgent advice for severe or rapidly worsening abdominal pain, repeated vomiting, heavy rectal bleeding, a swollen abdomen, inability to pass stool or gas, faintness, or signs of dehydration. A flare with worsening diarrhoea or pain also merits prompt clinical review, especially if you cannot maintain fluids.

Could my symptoms fit Crohn's disease or another condition? Which tests are appropriate? What should I record before review? If Crohn's disease is confirmed, what treatment and monitoring plan would suit my symptoms and lifestyle?