Crohn's disease and colonoscopy: what to know

During a colonoscopy, a flexible camera passes through the rectum to inspect the rectum and colon; the end of the small bowel may also be assessed. The clinician looks for features such as swelling, ulcers, narrowing, bleeding, or areas that appear different from nearby lining.

Small biopsies can be taken even when the tissue does not look markedly abnormal. The findings are interpreted alongside symptoms, examination, blood tests, and other information. A colonoscopy is useful, but it does not answer every question about the digestive tract.

Ask the endoscopy team how to prepare, when to stop eating and drinking, and how to adjust regular medicines. The bowel-cleansing preparation causes frequent watery bowel movements, so follow the supplied instructions and plan to stay near a toilet.

Tell the team about pregnancy, allergies, blood-thinning medicines, diabetes, kidney problems, and previous reactions to sedation. Arrange the recommended support for getting home if sedation is used, and ask when results will be explained.

Mild bloating or cramping can occur after the test. Seek urgent medical help for severe or worsening abdominal pain, a hard or swollen abdomen, heavy bleeding, fever, fainting, or breathing difficulty. Contact the endoscopy service if you are unsure whether a symptom is expected.

Why is colonoscopy being recommended for me? Will biopsies be taken? Which medicines need special instructions, what sedation is available, and when will I receive the result?