How is cholera treated?

Cholera can cause sudden, watery diarrhoea and vomiting that remove water and electrolytes from the body. The immediate danger is dehydration, which can affect circulation and kidney function. A clinician assesses alertness, thirst, urine output, breathing, pulse and other signs to judge the degree of fluid loss.

A prepared oral rehydration solution supplies water, salts and glucose in a balance that helps the intestine absorb fluid. It is used when the person is awake and able to drink. Severe dehydration, ongoing vomiting or reduced alertness may require IV Fluid Therapy in a medical setting. Antibiotics may be considered by a clinician for selected cases; they do not replace rehydration.

Seek urgent medical assessment if cholera is suspected, especially after frequent watery stools. Begin an approved oral rehydration solution while arranging care, taking small, repeated sips if vomiting occurs. Continue breastfeeding and normal light food when tolerated. Do not rely on plain water alone, homemade mixtures, anti-diarrhoeal medicines or leftover antibiotics.

Wash hands with soap and safe water after using the toilet and before preparing food. Keep towels, utensils and bathroom surfaces separate where possible, and follow local public-health advice. [Oral Rehydration Therapy](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/oral-rehydration-therapy/) explains how fluid replacement supports recovery.

Go to an emergency service for fainting, confusion, extreme weakness, inability to drink, repeated vomiting, very little urine, cold or clammy skin, fast breathing, or signs of shock. Babies, older adults, pregnant people and anyone with a chronic illness can become dehydrated quickly and should be assessed promptly.

Blood in stool, fever, severe abdominal pain or persistent [Diarrhoea](/symptoms/diarrhoea/) also needs medical review because another infection or complication may be present.

Ask which rehydration product and amount are suitable, whether IV Fluid Therapy is needed, how to monitor urine and alertness, whether testing or antibiotics are appropriate, and how to reduce spread at home.