Klatskin tumour explained

The liver makes bile, which normally travels through branching ducts into the digestive system. A tumour at the duct junction can narrow drainage from one or both sides of the liver. Perihilar describes this anatomical location; it differs from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma within the liver and distal cholangiocarcinoma lower in the duct.

Obstructed bile flow can lead to yellow skin or eyes, dark urine, pale stools and itching. Some people also experience appetite loss, weight loss, tiredness or discomfort in the upper abdomen. Scans map the involved ducts, nearby blood vessels and liver tissue because these relationships affect treatment planning.

Specialist review may include detailed bile duct imaging, blood tests, chest and abdominal imaging, and tissue sampling when it is needed. If jaundice or infection complicates obstruction, a stent or drain may be used to improve bile flow. The team determines whether complete surgical removal appears feasible and how much functioning liver would remain.

When surgery is unsuitable, systemic treatment may control the cancer, and radiotherapy may be relevant in selected circumstances. Molecular testing can identify tumour features for which targeted therapy is available. Symptom care addresses itching, nutrition, pain and drainage problems throughout treatment.

Get urgent medical help for fever, shaking chills or worsening abdominal pain alongside jaundice, as infected bile behind a blockage can cause serious illness. Contact the care team promptly if a drainage bag stops filling, a catheter shifts, jaundice rapidly deepens, or vomiting prevents fluid intake. Confusion, collapse or severe weakness warrants emergency care.

Ask which ducts and blood vessels the tumour involves, whether bile drainage is necessary, and what determines surgical removal. Other useful questions cover the goal of treatment, the need for tissue or molecular tests, how liver function will be monitored, and whom to call about a stent or drain.